Abstract
Evaluation de l’activité insecticide et insectifuge de l’huile extraite des amandes de Carapa procera DC contre les mouches de fruits (Drosophila sp) de Ximenia americana L., les bruches du niébé (Callosobruchus maculatus F.) et les moustiques (Anopheles gambiae s.l.).
Recent investigation showed that the fruits of X. americana, a local plant with promising oil production, are attacked by various pests including Ceratitis sp. Drosophila sp. and Lepidoptera. The aim of this study was to investigate the insecticidal and repellent properties of the oil of Carapa procera against X. americana’s pests, the cowpea pest Callosobruchus maculatus and human malaria vectors Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes in the laboratory. The total oil and the triterpens fraction of C. procera were tested on larvae or adults of pest insects and malaria vectors. Five concentrations of the oil and extracts were tested and the mortality observed after 24 hours allowed determining 50 % and 95 % lethal concentrations by fitting a log-logistic regression to the data. C. procera oil induced 65% mortality (at 51 µl.cm-2) in Drosophila sp, 80-90% mortality (at 3.5 µl.cm-2) in C. maculatus and 87 % mortality (at 0.05 %) in An. gambiae larvae. The 95 % lethal concentration for these pests were 6.11 µl.cm-2, 4.93 µl/cm2 and 1.55 µl.ml-1 for Drosophila sp, C. maculatus and An. Gambiae, respectively. Using extracted terpenoids from C. procera oil increased the mortality up to 99 % (at 0.1 µg.l-1) for mosquito’s larvae and 83 % (5.09 10-4 µg.cm-2) for Drosophila sp adults. Concerning repellent properties, C. procera oil repelled flies up to 71.57 % with 48.03 µl.cm-2. The oil of Carapa procera exhibited insecticidal and repellent properties against the fruits flies Drosophila sp, the cowpea pest Callosobruchus maculatus and the Malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae.
Keywords: Ximenia americana L. Drosophila sp, Callosobruchus maculatus F. Anopheles gambiae s.l, Carapa procera, insecticide, repellent, lethal concentration, effective dose, triterpens, oil.
QualiTree
works to improve sustainable use of local tree species for fair-trade production of oils for food and cosmetics in Mali and Burkina Faso through a collaboration between researchers, private industries and local communities.Financed by Danida.